MySQLでデータベースを作ろう！

ここでは、MySQLのインストール手順を掲載しています。

MySQLとは…？

MySQLはオープンソースで開発されているデータベースです。世界で最も使われているデータベースと言えるでしょう。

MySQLのインストール

[root@co ~]# yum -y install mysql-server

Loaded plugins: downloadonly, fastestmirror, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: ftp.iij.ad.jp
* extras: ftp.iij.ad.jp
* updates: ftp.iij.ad.jp
base                                                     | 1.1 kB     00:00
extras                                                   | 2.1 kB     00:00
updates                                                  | 1.9 kB     00:00
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-server.x86_64 0:5.0.95-5.el5_9 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: mysql = 5.0.95-5.el5_9 for package: mysql-server
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.15(libmysqlclient_15)(64bit) for package: mysql-server
--> Processing Dependency: perl-DBD-MySQL for package: mysql-server
--> Processing Dependency: perl(DBI) for package: mysql-server
--> Processing Dependency: perl-DBI for package: mysql-server
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient_r.so.15(libmysqlclient_15)(64bit) for package: mysql-server
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient_r.so.15()(64bit) for package: mysql-server
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.15()(64bit) for package: mysql-server
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql.x86_64 0:5.0.95-5.el5_9 set to be updated
---> Package perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:3.0007-2.el5 set to be updated
---> Package perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.52-2.el5 set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

================================================================================
Package               Arch          Version               Repository      Size
================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-server          x86_64        5.0.95-5.el5_9        updates        9.9 M
Installing for dependencies:
mysql                 x86_64        5.0.95-5.el5_9        updates        4.9 M
perl-DBD-MySQL        x86_64        3.0007-2.el5          base           148 k
perl-DBI              x86_64        1.52-2.el5            base           600 k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 4 Package(s)
Upgrade 0 Package(s)

Total download size: 15 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/4): perl-DBD-MySQL-3.0007-2.el5.x86_64.rpm            | 148 kB     00:00
(2/4): perl-DBI-1.52-2.el5.x86_64.rpm                    | 600 kB     00:00
(3/4): mysql-5.0.95-5.el5_9.x86_64.rpm                   | 4.9 MB     00:00
(4/4): mysql-server-5.0.95-5.el5_9.x86_64.rpm            | 9.9 MB     00:01
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                           4.6 MB/s |  15 MB     00:03
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing     : perl-DBI                                                 1/4
  Installing     : mysql                                                    2/4
  Installing     : perl-DBD-MySQL                                           3/4
  Installing     : mysql-server                                             4/4

Installed:
mysql-server.x86_64 0:5.0.95-5.el5_9

Dependency Installed:
mysql.x86_64 0:5.0.95-5.el5_9 perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:3.0007-2.el5
perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.52-2.el5

Complete!

インストールが完了したら、設定ファイルに、以下(赤字)を追記します。

[root@co ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

default-character-set = utf8

[mysqld_safe]

MySQLの起動

それでは、起動をしてみます。

[root@co ~]# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start

MySQL データベースを初期化中: WARNING: The host 'co.kimamabi.biz' could not be looked up with resolveip.
This probably means that your libc libraries are not 100 % compatible
with this binary MySQL version. The MySQL daemon, mysqld, should work
normally with the exception that host name resolving will not work.
This means that you should use IP addresses instead of hostnames
when specifying MySQL privileges !
Installing MySQL system tables...
OK
Filling help tables...
OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h co.kimamabi.biz password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe &

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!

The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at
http://www.mysql.com
Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com
[ OK ]
MySQL を起動中: [ OK ]

自動起動の設定も行います。

[root@co ~]# chkconfig mysqld on

[root@co ~]# chkconfig --list mysqld

mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

MySQLの初期設定

MySQLの初期設定を行います。

途中、パスワード入力を求められますが、これはMySQLの管理者ユーザ(root)のパスワードです。CentOSのrootユーザではないので、注意してください。

パスワードは自由に決めることができます。

[root@co ~]# mysql_secure_installation

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):[Enter]
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n][Enter]
New password:"MySQLのrootパスワード"
Re-enter new password:"MySQLのrootパスワード"
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!

By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n][Enter]
... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n][Enter]
... Success!

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n][Enter]
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n][Enter]
... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MySQL!

以上で設定完了。以後、必要に応じてデータベースを作成していきます。