MariaSQLでデータベースを作ろう！

ここでは、MariaSQLのインストール手順を掲載しています。

※CentOS 7のサポートは2024年6月をもって終了していますが、旧コンテンツとしてこちらのページは残しておきます。

[広告]

MariaSQLとは…？

MariaSQLはオープンソースで開発されているデータベースです。

RHEL 6まではMySQLが標準でしたが、RHEL 7からはこのMariaSQLが標準となりました。

基本的な使い方はMySQLと変わりません。

MariaSQLのインストール

[root@co7 ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server

インストール:
  mariadb-server.x86_64 1:5.5.68-1.el7

依存性関連をインストールしました:
  libaio.x86_64 0:0.3.109-13.el7
  mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.68-1.el7
  perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.061-3.el7
  perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7
  perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.023-6.el7
  perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.627-4.el7
  perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.061-2.el7
  perl-Net-Daemon.noarch 0:0.48-5.el7
  perl-PlRPC.noarch 0:0.2020-14.el7

完了しました!

インストールが完了したら、設定ファイルに、以下(赤字)を追記します。

[root@co7 ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd

character-set-server=utf8

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid

#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d

MariaSQLの起動

それでは、起動をしてみます。

[root@co7 ~]# systemctl enable --now mariadb

Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.

MariaSQLの初期設定

MariaSQLの初期設定を行います。

途中、パスワード入力を求められますが、これはMariaSQLの管理者ユーザ(root)のパスワードです。CentOSのrootユーザではないので、注意してください。

パスワードは自由に決めることができます。

[root@co7 ~]# mysql_secure_installation

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none): [Enter]
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] [Enter]
New password: [MariaSQLのrootパスワード]
Re-enter new password:  [再入力]
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!


By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] [Enter]
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] [Enter]
 ... Success!

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] [Enter]
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] [Enter]
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!

以上で設定完了。以後、必要に応じてデータベースを作成していきます。